Material collecting and loading apparatus



Sept 29, 1942. r. K. ANDERs'EN ET AL MATERIAL COLLECTING AND LOADINGAPPARATUS Filed Jan. 2, 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Zmventorj: Thomas KHilde/:sen ana Tengel /Ldren Gttornegs.

SePt- 29, 1942- T. K. ANDERSEN ET AL 2,296,827

MATERIAL COLLECTING AND LOADING APPARATUS Filed Jan. 2, 1941 3Sheets-Sheet 2 l Zmventora: /mrnas K rzae/sen 6nd/ Tengel h, denser@Cttornegs.

Sept' 29, 1942 T. K. ANDERSEN ET Al. 2,296,827

MATERIAL COLLECTING AND LOADING APPARATUS 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Jan. 2,1941 SWW bem,

Patented Sept. 29, 1942 2,200,827 v MATERIAL COLLECTING AND LOADINGAPPARATUS Thomas K.

Tente! signora to Overhead Lo Andersen. West New Brilhton, and

Port Richmond, N. Y., aladel' Corporation, Staten lslamL'N. Y., acorporation of New York Application January 2, 1941, Serial No. 372,752

8 Claims.

This invention is an improvement upon the material collecting andloading apparatus shown in our prior Patent No. 2,182,781, of December12, 1939, and consists in the novel construction, combination andrelationship of parts whereby the power to revolve the material handlingreceptacle is applied from the sides of the vehicle without passingthatthe roof may be both lightened to lower the vcenter of gravity ofthe machine and shortened to improve the vision` of the operator whendumping high loads.

We accomplish this result by establishing two ram pivot points adjacentthe sides of the vehicle and above the pivot points of the receptaclearms and so locatedfore and aft of the vehicle that they areapproximately under the balancing point of the receptacle as it passesover center'. We connect these upper pivot points with appropriate pivotpoints on the arm and receptacle assembly by means of telescopic ramsatthe sides of the vehicle which rams shorten when power is applied butare of adequate length `so that their stroke will lift the receptacle toits balancing point. When the receptacle has been lifted to itsbalancing point, it is permitted to continue its course by momentum andgravity on release of the lifting power. This construction permitscomplete operation of the receptacle by the use of a three-way valvewith a single control lever which not only applies and releases thepower but can stop and lock the receptacle at any position in its arc.

Other advantages which flow from our new construction may be brieflystated as follows:

(1) With the pump for circulating oil under pressure to the rams mountedon the front end of the vehicle and driven from the front end of themotor shaft we can by the use of exible tubing allow for movementbetween the pump or driving member and the ram or driven member so thatif desired the driving member can be mounted above the tractor springsand the motion between the two will not endanger the transmission ofpower from one to the other. In our patented machine there can bepractically no motion between the driving member and the driven member,which fact limits its application to tractors which are either withoutspring action or on which the motor frame is strong enough to carry boththe driving and driven members.

(2) By eliminating all cable sheaves and high speed bearings which wearrapidly in service and frequently have to be replaced, we canconsiderably reduce service expense and working delays.'

(3) By eliminating the slap caused by the slacking of the cable as thereceptacle passes over center, we can obtain smooth operation of thereceptacle throughout its entire arc.

through the protective roof soy (4) By using a hydraulic valve which maybe adjusted by a single operating lever to positions for lifting,lowering, stopping and locking the receptacle at any point in its arc,we simplify control so that one hand will do what previously required ahand and a foot in our patented machine.

(5) By using a safety valve set to release at a predetermined pressure',we can limit the proportion of the motor power of the tractor which canbe thrown into the hoisting system. 'I'his enables us to design themachine strong enough to hoist its load without being forced to addstrength to stand the full power of the tractors which is many times inexcess of the power required for lifting the receptacle.

(6) The shock resulting from the free fall of the receptacle from anelevated position to a point where the tips of its teeth strike on ahard surface is far in excess of any legitimate working strain to whichthe tractor can subject it. By using oil as a power medium the frictionof the pipe lines tend to cushion the free fall of the receptacle whendropping to loading position, thus obviating lthe vnecessity ofdesigning it strong enough to stand the shock described above.

(7) The present machine is simpler in construction because less partsare required to make it, less weight is required to produce a givenstrength, the carrying load on the tractor is accordingly less andtractor life thereby.

These, and other advantages which will appear as the descriptionpreceeds, are attained in the machine shown in the accompanyingdrawings. wherein Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a tractor lofconventional type equipped with our novel operating mechanism for thematerial handling receptacle, and showing the same in full and dottedlines in various operating positions.

Fig. 2 is a detail view of a choke device which may be used whendesired.

Fig. 3 is a partial plan view of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a front elevation of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is an elevation, partly in section, through a ram.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged the line 6 6, of Fig. 4.

Figs. 'I and 8 are longitudinal sections through 4section onapproximately the three-way control valve for the hydraulic rams, Fig. 7showing the position of the valve parts when the receptacle is raised,and Fig. 8 showing the position of the valve parts when the receptacleis lowered, and

Fig. 9 is a diagram of the fluid circuit and also showing the positionof the valve parts when the receptacle is stopped and locked.

In accordance with our present invention we provide a driving member,preferably taking its is prolonged power from the motor ofthe tractor-orother vehicle, and a pair of driven members connected with said drivingmember and' with the arm and receptacle assembly. 'Ihese driven membersare pivoted at the sides of the vehicle above the pivot points of thereceptacle arms and approximately under the balancingpoint of thereceptacle as it passes over center, and are connected with appropriatepivot points on the arm and receptacle assembly so that on applicationof the lifting power the receptaclewill be raised to" its balancingpoint and on release of the lifting power the receptacle may continueits course by momentum and gravity. The driven members, so located andconnected to the arm and receptacle assembly, may be of any desiredconstruction, and as here shown are hydraulically operated rams. v

We have indicated generally `at III the subframe and at III the motorframe of the tractor. Attached to the sub-frame below the motor frame ateach side thereof is an upright supporting structure II. I'he structuresII support in proper location the pivot points I2 for the receptaclearms I3 and the pivot points I4 which form a partof the universal JointsI5 which sup- DOrt the cylinders I6 in which operate pistons I1 to formhydraulic rams R. The pistons I1 are connected by universal joints I8 tothe receptacle assemly I3 at the pivot points 2li.

Power to operate the telescopic rams is furnished by a pump 2| mountedon the motor frame and connected to and driven by the front end of themotor shaft. Oil is fed to the pump from reserve tank 22 through thepipe 23 (Fig. 9) and is pumped under pressure through the pipe 24 intothe inlet 25 of valve 26.

When the valve stem 21 is moved by means of lever 63 (Fig. 1) to theposition shown in Fig. 7, the oil under pressure from said pump isdischarged through the outlet 28 into the pipe 29 to T 30 where the oilis divided and sent through branch pipes 3| and 32 to the rams R,causing the pistons I1 to be forced into the rams and the receptacle I3to be lifted.

When the receptacle is lifted to approximately its vertical balancingpoint, the pistons I1 are released from oil presure by sliding the valvestem 21 to th eposition of Fig. 8. In this position the momentum of thereceptacle I9 will exert back pressure on the oil in the rams R. forcingthe pistons I 1 back out of the rams so that the oil ows in reversedirection through opening 23 in valve A26 and out through opening 33into pipe 34 and thence back to the reserve tank 22. During this actionthe oil from the pump line 24 entering the valve at 25 is by-passedthrough the valve and back to reserve tank 22 through outlet 33.

When desired to stop the motion of the receptacle and lock it in anyposition in its arc, the valve stem 21 is moved to the position shown inFig. 9. In this position the oil from the rams R is prevented frompassing through the valve by a stop 35 across the opening 2B while theoil from the pump by-passes as in Fig. 8.

To limit the power that can be applied to the hoist, we preferablyprovide a conventional safety valve 36 connected by pipe 31 with thehigh pressure line 24 from the pump and discharging through the pipe 38into the reserve tank 22.

The oil under pressure from the pump, having passed through the circuitas shown in Fig. 9, is passed through the universal Joints I5 and thenceto the driving ends of the cylinders I6 through pipe lines 39. Thesepipes each connect with a cylinder head u. The' ou thus admittedaccumulates pressure in the piston chamber 42, operating against thepiston head 43 and expanding the 'cup leather 44 thereof against thewall of the cylinder I3. thereby forcing the piston head 43 of thepiston to withdraw inside of cylinder I3 and shorten the combinedover-all length of the cylinder and piston,

The cylinder head is suitably packed as at 4l and is provided with aconventional wiper 46, and the outside diameter of each cylinder II isreduced between points 41 s0 that the universal joint I5 may be moresecurely clamped thereto.

Referring to Fig. 6, wherein we have detailed the method of mounting acylinder I3 in its universal joint I5 and of circulating the oiltherethrough, the numeral IIa designates the outer ring of the universaljoint supported on the pivots I4 andI4a. The ring lia supports the innerring |5b of the universal joint to which are attached in any suitablemanner the clamp sections Ilb for the cylinder I3.

Conduits 32 and 33 are connected with each other through each universaljoint as follows:

Pivot pin I4 has an axial bore 43 terminating adjacent each end inradial ports 43 and 50. The port 53 registers with an annular passage 5Iin a bearing 52 into which conduit 32 connects. 'I'he port 49 connectsin a similar manner with one end of a passage 53 within a section of thering Iia. The other end of this passage 53 connects in a similar fashionwith an axial passage 54 in the inner ring i517 into which the conduit39 is tted.

The root 55 is supported by four posts SII attached to the structure ofthe tractor independent of the ram supports II which take the hoistingstrain. The roof has a downwardly and rearwardly slanting surface formedby the plate 6I which is enclosed by decorative sides 62.

In operation, as the pistons I1 are drawn into the cylinders I6 by oilpressure operating against the piston heads 43, the distance between thepivotal attachment points I4 and 20 is shortened until the receptaclearms I3 and the rams R approach a vertical and upwardly pointingposition at or near the center of balance of the receptacle.

At this time, the hoisting power is released and the momentum of thereceptacle I9 acquired during such lift carries the receptacle oververtical center whereupon gravity assists momentum in carrying thereceptacle to the ground level on the opposite end of the vehicle, or toany point in its are at which it may be desired to stop the receptacle,which is accomplished by shifting valve stem 21 into the position shownin Fig. 9. y

If desired, we may introduce an adjustable choke to check gradually toany desired degree the momentum of the loaded receptacle as it fallstowards and before it reaches its stopping position, and release thischeck so that it will not interfere with the speed of fall of the emptyreceptacle on its return trip towards loading position. A simple methodof accomplishing this horizontal pivots at I4 loaded bucket unduly slowsdown the fall of the empty bucket, the operator by pressing hard enoughon valve handle 63 to compress the spring 65 can accomplish a completerelease of the oil and an unchecked drop.

If desired, we may employ double acting rams instead of the singleacting rams shown. such case, it is only necessary to add to the releaseposition, which now permits the receptacle to pass its balancing point,a reverse flow position to operate when the receptacle has passed deadcenter so that it will be positively forced down instead of dropping bygravity. a

If desired, a larger ram at one side of the vehicle may be substitutedfor the two rams shown and its lifting power may be divided between thetwo sides of the receptacle assembly through any suitable rigging. Ineither case, the rams R may be attached to the side frames II at theirends or at some point along their length.

Although the rams R are shown as mounted in universal joints I anduniversally jointed at their other ends at I8 to the receptacleassembly, it is obvious that they could be lconstructed with and eitherwith pivots I8. However, the universals the life of the piston orwithout joints at are introduced to lengthen head packing.

By raising theheight of side frames II and moving the attachment points20 to some point on the arms I3 nearer the pivot points I2 and by alsosubstituting shorter and more powerful rams R, the same cycle could beaccomplished by having the rams turn down during the cycle instead ofturning up as shown.

Although we have described the oil pump as driven from the tractormotor, it is obvious that it could be driven from an independent motor.

Although we have shown our invention as ap- Dlied to a crawler tractorof conventional type, it will be understood, however, that the inventionis capable of application to other self-propilled vehicles, as wheeltractors, trucks or the l e.

Various other modifications in the construction, arrangement andoperation may obviously be resorted to within the spirit and scope ofour invention as defined by the appended claims.

What we therefore claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In earth moving vequipment for use with a self-propelling tractivevehicle, a pair of supporting arms pivoted adjacent the sides of saidvehicle, a receptacle mounted adjacent the outer ends of said arms, saidarms being of a shape and length to carry said receptacle in a verticalarc from loading position at one end of the vehicle alongits fore andaft centerline and past the pivot points of said arms to dumpingposition, a second set of pivot points located adjacent the sides of thevehicle above and substantially in vertical line with the arm pivotpoints and in fore and aft location approximately under the balancingpoint of the receptacle as it passes over center, power means operatingfrom said second set of pivot points and acting on said armandlreceptacle assembly to cause said assembly to be lifted when poweris applied, and a manual control forv applying said power, forterminating said power application and concurrently releasing said powermeans so that either the weight o! the sides of the vehicle receptacleor its momentum as it passes over center will be suilicient to reverse-the direction of travel of said power means, and for arrestingv theother joint being between the end of theA piston and the receptacleassembly.

4. The combination of claim 1, the power means being telescopic ramspivotally connected to said second set of pivot points and-to said armand receptacle assembly, the uid for operating the rams being introducedinto them through said second set of pivot points.

5. The combination of claim 1, the power means being telescopic ramspivotally connected to said second set of pivot points and to said armand receptacle assembly, and a choke associated with said manual controlfor optionally increasing to a predetermined amount the frictionalresistance between the fluid line and the iiuid and for decreasing suchresistance at will.

6. The combination of claim 1, and a protective vroof sloping,rearwardly with elevated sides to -discharge rearwardly and prevent sidespillage offoverilow material falling from the elevated receptacle.

'1. In earth moving equipment for use with a self-propelling tractivevehicle, a pair of supporting arms pivoted adjacent the sides of saidvehicle, a receptacle mounted adjacent the outer ends of said arms, saidarms being of a shape and length to carry said receptacle in a verticalare from loading position at one end of the vehicle along its fore andafter center line and past the pivot points of said arms to dumpingposition, a pair of ram supports attached adjacent the and extendingupwardly therefrom and containing a second set of pivot points locatedabove and substantially in vertical line with the arm pivot points andin fore and aft location approximately under the balancing y it passesover center. telescopic rams carried by said ram supports and pivotallyconnected to said second set of pivot D0ints and to said bly and actingon said arm and receptacle assembly to cause said assembly to be liftedwhen power is applied,and a manual control for applying said power,for-terminating said power application and concurrently releasing saidpower means so that either the weight of the receptacle or its momentumas it p over center will be suiiicient to reverse the direction oftravel of said power means, and for arresting the movement of thereceptacle at any point by stopping the travel of said power means.

8. The combination of claim 1, the ram supports being attached below themotor frame o! the vehicle and the rams being driven by a pump mountedon the motor frame of the vehicle.

'moms K. ANDERSEN. maar. Anpassen.

arm and receptacle assem-`

